Situation
:
Moyen-Orient, entre d’une part, le golfe persique
et la mer Caspienne , et de l’autre l’Irak
et le Pakistan.
Superficie :
Totale:
1.648 million km² Classé 17e
Terre: 1.636 million km²
Eau: 12,000 km² Supérficie comparée
40 fois la Suisse, + 3 fois la France, + 7 fois le Royaume
Uni
Frontières
:
Totale: 5,440 km
pays riverains: Afghanistan 936 km, Armenie 35 km, Azerbaijan
432 km, Azerbaijan-Naxcivan 179 km, Irak 1,458 km, Pakistan
909 km, Turquie 499 km, Turkmenistan 992 km
Coastline
:
2,440 km; note - Iran also borders the Caspian Sea (740
km)
Climat :
mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian
coast
Elevation extremes :
Le plus bas: Caspian Sea -28 m
Le plus élevé: le sommet de Damavand qui culmine à 5,671
m
Ressources
naturelles :
pétrole,
gas naturel, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead,
manganese, zinc, sulfur
Land use
terre arable: 8.72%
permanent crops: 1.39%
other: 89.89% (2001)
Irrigated land
75,620 km² (1998 est.).
Environment - current issues:
air pollution, especially in urban areas, from vehicle emissions,
refinery operations, and industrial effluents; deforestation;
overgrazing; desertification;
oil pollution in the Persian Gulf; wetland losses from drought; soil
degradation (salination); inadequate supplies of potable water; water
pollution from raw
sewage and industrial waste; urbanization
Population:
68,017,860 (Estimation 2005), Classé 18e.
Densité : 41 hab./km2
Pyramide
des âges:
0-14 years: 27.1% (male 9,465,475/female 8,973,828)
15-64 years: 68% (male 23,556,970/female 22,701,065)
65 years and over: 4.9% (male 1,637,512/female 1,683,010)
(2005 est.)
Population growth rate:
0.86% (2005 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
total: 41.58 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 41.75 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 41.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 69.96 years
male: 68.58 years
female: 71.4 years (2005 est.)
Nationality:
Iranian (s), Iraniens
Ethnic groups:
Persian 51%, Azeri 24%, Gilaki and Mazandarani 8%, Kurd 7%,
Arab 3%, Lur 2%, Baloch 2%, Turkmen
2%, other 1%
Religions:
Shi'a Muslim 89%, Sunni Muslim 9%, Zoroastrian,
Jewish, Christian, and Baha'i
2%
Languages:
Persans
(51%), Azéris (24%), Gilakis et Mazandaranis (8%),
Kurdes (7%), Arabes (3%), Baloutches (2%), Lours (2%), Turkmènes (2%),
Qashqai, Arméniens, Juifs
iraniens, Assyriens et autres
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over
can read and write
total population: 79.4%
male: 85.6%
female: 73% (2003 est.)
Government Iran
Country name:
Iran
Type de régime:
Théocratie
Histoire mythique :
Shahnameh de Ferdowsi
Drapeau
mytique:
Derafsh-e kawiani
Fête
nationale:
Noruz (New Year's Day),
21 March
Iran
est subdivisé en 30 provinces:
1. Téhéran 2. Qom 3. Markazi
4. Qazvin 5. Gilan 6. Ardebil 7. Zanjan
8. Azerbaijan-e-sharghi (de l'est) 9. Azerbaijan-e-gharbi (de
l'ouest)
10. Kordestan 11. Hamedan 12. Kermanshahan 13. Ilam 14. Lorestan
15.Khuzestan16.TchaharMahaal-o-Bakhtiari 
17. Kohkiluyeh-Boyerahmad 18.
Bushehr 19. Fars 20. Hormozgan
21. Sistan-o-Balouchestn 22. Kerman 23. Yazd 24. Esfahan
25. Semnan 26. Mazandaran 27. Golestan 28. Khorasan-e-shomali
(du Nord) 29. Khorasan-e-razavi 30. Khorasan-e-jonubi (du
sud)
Les
provinces (Ostan) sont gouvernés par une ville centrale, généralement
la plus grande ville du province. Le gouverneur du province (Ostandar) est
nommé par le ministre de l'Intérieur.Depuis 2004, le province
du Khorassan est divisé en trois provinces, augmentant le nombre des
provinces du 28 à 30.
